Chapter #12 Solutions - Essentials of Meteorology - C Donald Ahrens - 6th Edition

1qr. What factors determine the global pattern of precipitation? Get solution

1qt. Why do cities east of the Rockies, such as Denver, Colorado, get much more precipitation than cities east of the Sierra Nevada, such as Reno, Nevada? Get solution

2qr. Explain why, in North America, precipitation typically is a maximum along the West Coast in winter, a maximum on the Central Plains in summer, and fairly evenly distributed between summer and winter along the East Coast. Get solution

2qt. According to the Köppen system of climate classification, which type of climate is found in your area? Get solution

3qr. What climate information did Koppen use in classifying climates? Get solution

3qt. Los Angeles, Seattle, and Boston are all coastal cities, yet Boston has a continental rather than a marine climate. Explain why. Get solution

4qr. How did Koppen define a tropical climate? How did he define a polar climate? Get solution

4qt. Why are many structures in polar regions built on pilings? Get solution

5qr. According to Koppen’s climatic system (Fig. 12.7, pp. 376–377), what major climatic type is most abundant: (a) in North America; (b) in South America; (c) throughout the world? Reference: Figure 12.7: ... Get solution

5qt. Why are summer afternoon temperatures in a humid subtropical climate (Cfa) often higher than in a tropical wet climate (Af)? Get solution

6qr. What is the primary factor that makes a dry climate “dry”? Get solution

6qt. Why are humid subtropical climates (Cfa) found in regions bounded by 20° and 40° (N or S) latitudes, and nowhere else? Get solution

7qr. In which climatic region would each of the following be observed: tropical rainforest, xerophytes, steppe, taiga, tundra, and savanna? Get solution

7qt. In which of the following climate types is virga likely to occur most frequently: humid continental, arid desert, or polar tundra? Explain why. Get solution

8qr. What are the controlling factors (the major climatic controls) that produce the following climatic regions? (a) tropical wet and dry; (b) Mediterranean; (c) marine; (d) humid subtropical; (e) subpolar; (f) polar ice cap Get solution

8qt. As shown in Figure 12.19, p. 386, San Francisco and Sacramento, California, have similar mean annual temperatures but different annual temperature ranges. What factors control the annual temperature ranges at these two locations? Reference: Figure 12.19: ... Get solution

9qr. Why are marine climates (Cs) usually found on the west coast of continents? Get solution

9qt. Why is there a contrast in climate types on either side of the Rocky Mountains, but not on either side of the Appalachian Mountains? Get solution

10qr. Why are large annual temperature ranges characteristic of D-type climates? Get solution

10qt. Sketch graphs of annual variation of temperature and precipitation for a coastal location, and also for a location in the center of a large continent. Explain any differences in your graphs. Get solution

11qr. Why are D climates found in the Northern Hemisphere but not in the Southern Hemisphere? Get solution

11qt. On a blank map of the world, roughly outline where Köppen’s major climatic regions are located. Get solution

12qr. Explain why a tropical rainforest climate will support a tropical rainforest, while a tropical wet-and-dry climate will not. Get solution

12qt. Over the past 100 years or so the earth has warmed by more than 0.7°C (1.3°F). If this warming should continue over the next 100 years, explain how this rise in temperature might influence the boundary between C and D climates. How might the warming influence the boundary between D and E climates? Get solution

13qr. What is the primary distinction between a Cfa and a Dfa climate? Get solution

14qr. Explain how arid deserts can be found adjacent to oceans. Get solution

15qr. Why did Koppen use the 10°C (50°F) average temperature for July to distinguish between D and E climates? Get solution

16qr. What accounts for the existence of a BWk climate in the western Great Basin of North America? Get solution

17qr. Barrow, Alaska, receives a mere 11 cm (about 4.3 in.) of precipitation annually. Explain why its climate is not classified as arid or semi-arid. Get solution

18qr. Explain why subpolar climates are also known as boreal climates and taiga climates. Get solution